切(qie)入式雙端面數控軸(zhou)承磨床，主(zhu)要(yao)應(ying)用于軸(zhou)承套圈的端面磨削加工。數控(kong)??????????????????雙端面磨床??????????????????的控(kong)制系統采用目前先(xian)進的針對磨(mo)床控(kong)制的專用數(shu)控(kong)系統，整機實現全數(shu)字化控(kong)制，具有在線(xian)檢測(ce)測(ce)量功(gong)能(neng)，以及砂輪修整功(gong)能(neng)，并將(jiang)修正后的砂輪數(shu)據作為刀具數(shu)據計入數(shu)據系統。控(kong)制系統具有人機對話功(gong)能(neng)，采用LCD液晶屏幕顯(xian)示，并有故障(zhang)自診斷(duan)功能，操作方便(bian)，故障(zhang)率低。

切入式雙端面數控軸承磨(mo)床(chuang)主(zhu)要由上下(xia)(xia)料、工件進給(gei)拖板、砂(sha)輪(lun)(lun)軸、砂(sha)輪(lun)(lun)進給(gei)拖板、床(chuang)身底座及砂(sha)輪(lun)(lun)更換裝置(zhi)(zhi)組(zu)成。上下(xia)(xia)料中(zhong)的液(ye)壓馬(ma)達驅動(dong)工件旋轉，工件進給(gei)拖板把工件送至兩片砂(sha)輪(lun)(lun)中(zhong)磨(mo)削位置(zhi)(zhi)開始磨(mo)削，砂(sha)輪(lun)(lun)進給(gei)并且(qie)由修整器同時(shi)修整砂(sha)輪(lun)(lun)。如下(xia)(xia)圖。

1.床身；2.工件進給伺服(fu)電機(ji)；3.聯軸器；4.滾珠(zhu)絲(si)杠；5.導(dao)軌；6.工件上拖板；7.液壓驅(qu)動輪(lun)；8.工件加(jia)緊氣缸；9.下支輪；10.壓(ya)輪氣缸；11.工件；12.壓(ya)輪；13.工件定位(wei)氣缸；14.砂輪；15.砂輪(lun)罩；16.修整器伺服電(dian)機；17.減速器；18.砂輪軸；19.砂輪軸電機；20.砂輪上拖(tuo)板；21.導軌(gui)；22.滾珠絲(si)杠；23.聯(lian)軸器；24.砂輪進給(gei)伺服電機

一、工作(zuo)原(yuan)理

首(shou)先，通過(guo)自(zi)動(dong)上(shang)下(xia)(xia)料裝(zhuang)(zhuang)置將(jiang)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)置于液壓驅動(dong)輪(lun)和下(xia)(xia)支輪(lun)上(shang)，由自(zi)動(dong)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)卡裝(zhuang)(zhuang)置夾緊工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)；然后工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)加緊氣缸和工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)定位(wei)(wei)氣缸退(tui)回，液壓驅動(dong)輪(lun)旋轉，帶動(dong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)轉動(dong)；砂(sha)(sha)輪(lun)罩打開，工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)伺服(fu)(fu)電機(ji)驅動(dong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)上(shang)拖(tuo)板前進(jin)，把工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)送至磨(mo)削位(wei)(wei)置；然后，工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)兩側的砂(sha)(sha)輪(lun)進(jin)給伺服(fu)(fu)電機(ji)驅動(dong)砂(sha)(sha)輪(lun)前進(jin)向工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)靠近，開始磨(mo)削；最后，工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)磨(mo)削完(wan)畢，兩砂(sha)(sha)輪(lun)退(tui)回，工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)也退(tui)回初始位(wei)(wei)置，砂(sha)(sha)輪(lun)罩封閉，工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)停(ting)止(zhi)旋轉，壓輪(lun)抬起，工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)由自(zi)動(dong)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)卡位(wei)(wei)置退(tui)出，這樣軸承套圈的雙端面磨(mo)削全過(guo)程就(jiu)完(wan)成了(le)。

本裝置的優越性：結構簡單，制造方便。工作過(guo)程中，換(huan)帶時間短、速(su)度快，噪音低，動作穩定可靠，調整(zheng)簡單，精度穩定。從而節約了時間，降(jiang)低了成本，又可滿足批量加工的需要，大大降(jiang)低工件強(qiang)度，提高(gao)勞動效率。

二、套圈的旋轉(zhuan)

切入式雙(shuang)端面數控軸(zhou)承磨床一改其他磨削方式被(bei)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)件處于(yu)被(bei)動(dong)的狀態(tai)，使被(bei)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)件置于(yu)運動(dong)狀態(tai)，在磨削過程(cheng)中必須(xu)穩定(ding)旋轉，從而保證被(bei)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)件（軸(zhou)承套(tao)圈）達到較高的平面度(du)要求。

套圈有(you)兩(liang)種(zhong)旋轉(zhuan)方式：1.靠砂輪帶動套圈旋轉，我們稱之為“自由旋轉”適用小套圈。2.借(jie)助外力(li)驅動(dong)套(tao)圈旋轉，我們稱(cheng)之為“被動(dong)旋轉”適(shi)用(yong)大套(tao)圈。

1.自由(you)旋(xuan)轉：套(tao)圈(quan)靠砂輪帶動旋(xuan)轉，兩片砂輪向(xiang)同一方向(xiang)旋(xuan)轉，砂輪覆蓋套(tao)圈(quan)70%左右，適用外徑OD<360mm。套圈(quan)位置，只(zhi)有(you)把(ba)工件(jian)放置在砂輪合理的位置，才能實(shi)現工件(jian)的“自由旋(xuan)轉”。

2.被動(dong)旋(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)：對于(yu)大(da)慣性的大(da)套圈只靠砂輪很難控制其(qi)旋(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)的穩定性，因此采用被動(dong)旋(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)方(fang)式控制套圈的旋(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)，在(zai)磨(mo)削(xue)過程中更為(wei)有效，適(shi)用外徑(jing)OD>300-350mm。

三、修(xiu)整器

固(gu)定式修(xiu)整器，單點式，最易(yi)控制砂(sha)輪的(de)結構(gou)，修(xiu)整速(su)度慢，修(xiu)整時間(jian)長，磨損量(liang)大；多點式，修(xiu)整速(su)度更(geng)快，修(xiu)整時間(jian)減短，磨損量(liang)更(geng)低(di)。

四、用(yong)于軸承(cheng)磨削的砂輪

砂輪采(cai)用樹(shu)脂結合劑，高強(qiang)度，高抗(kang)彎，抗(kang)沖擊，低溫(wen)磨削，自行(xing)脫落(luo)，白剛玉(yu)磨料(liao)具(ju)有脆、硬、鋒利等(deng)特(te)點(dian)。

五、機床的維(wei)護(hu)

切入式雙(shuang)端面(mian)數(shu)控軸承磨(mo)床(chuang)為全封(feng)閉(bi)防護(hu)罩，液壓箱(xiang)獨立放(fang)置(zhi)(zhi)，內有(you)機床(chuang)沖洗(xi)裝(zhuang)置(zhi)(zhi)，絲杠和導(dao)軌自動潤(run)滑(hua)，有(you)利于機床(chuang)長期穩定工作，維護(hu)方便。

不(bu)需調(diao)節磨(mo)(mo)(mo)頭(tou)(tou)（部分方(fang)案）可(ke)保證恒定(ding)且可(ke)靠(kao)的磨(mo)(mo)(mo)削質(zhi)量，只需調(diao)整程序中磨(mo)(mo)(mo)削余量設置，不(bu)需要調(diao)整磨(mo)(mo)(mo)頭(tou)(tou)。兩片砂輪平行(xing)，容易(yi)修整。磨(mo)(mo)(mo)削過(guo)程中，工件之間無(wu)其(qi)他接觸(chu)，上下料過(guo)程無(wu)碰(peng)傷，兩端應(ying)力(li)相等，無(wu)振紋、高效率、高精度。

軸(zhou)(zhou)承(cheng)套圈的(de)雙(shuang)(shuang)端面(mian)(mian)磨削(xue)，在其他工序磨削(xue)中以及在軸(zhou)(zhou)承(cheng)的(de)適用過程中，起(qi)到(dao)了重要的(de)作用，主(zhu)要是雙(shuang)(shuang)端面(mian)(mian)的(de)平(ping)行差和(he)安裝定位(wei)很重要，切入式雙(shuang)(shuang)端面(mian)(mian)數(shu)控軸(zhou)(zhou)承(cheng)磨床能解決所(suo)遇到(dao)的(de)問題(ti)，提(ti)高自(zi)動化生產精度，經濟效益顯著。

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